I used ChatGPT to write the same routine in these ten obscure programming languages

May 4, 2023 Audrey

gettyimages-171792113 — An instructor at the Boston Latin School uses an IBM 1130 computer to teach Fortran to students on October 4, 1968.

Photo by Underwood Archives/Getty Images

A few weeks ago, I took a look at using ChatGPT to write the same routine in a dozen of the most popular programming languages. But as a programming language geek, I wondered just how far ChatGPT would go. Would it program in a language from the 1950s? Would it program in a language that used its own character set? Could it write code in one of the languages that wrote its code?

Also: The best AI chatbots: ChatGPT and alternatives to try

And so, I dove in. I’ve used many of the languages I’m spotlighting here, so I’ll take a little walk down memory lane and include some stories about my experience with those I’ve used.

While I haven’t run the code itself, I’ve read through all the generated programs. Most look right, and show the appropriate indicators telling us that the language presented is the language I asked for.

Also: How does ChatGPT work?

I’m telling you this because the headers on all the screenshots are wrong. Most are listed as SQL. For some reason BAL is shown as VBNet, and Prolog is listed as Rust. ChatGPT didn’t make this error last time, but it made today, for all the languages shown here.

And with that, let’s dive in.

Fortran

Fortran (or FORTRAN, as it was depicted back then) stands for Formula Translation. It was developed primarily for scientific and engineering calculations. Even though it dates back to the 1950s, it was often the first language taught to engineering students in the 1970s and 1980s.

Also: This new technology could blow away GPT-4 and everything like it

For me, it was my fourth programming language, after BASIC, PDP-8 assembly language, and PDP-8 binary (yes, I wrote binary code so I could toggle it in on the front panel of an early minicomputer). My Dad generously drove me the hour down to Newark College of Engineering (now NJIT) so I could take their first-year programming course while I was still a sophomore in high school.

Fortran was never a favorite, although it would get most calculation-oriented jobs done. A variation of Fortran is still in use today, but it’s pretty limited to specialty scientific work since many other modern languages do Fortran-level analytics, and do it better.

Here, because of the use of the implicit keyword, it looks like ChatGPT is depicting code written in the Fortran-77 variant.

COBOL

I was a teenaged COBOL programmer. I didn’t know COBOL at the time, but somewhere around 1980 I saw a want ad for a COBOL programmer at the Northeast Regional Data Center of International Paper in Denville, NJ. It was about 40 minutes from my parents’ home, and I needed a summer job. As soon as I managed to schedule

Gaming Gadgets Current market Share Will Hit $166.96 Billion By 2031

May 4, 2023 Audrey

Gaming Gadgets Current market Share Will Hit 6.96 Billion By 2031

According to a new report posted by Allied Marketplace Investigation, titled, “Gaming Gadgets Marketplace,” The gaming gadgets marketplace dimensions was valued at $52.70 billion in 2021, and is believed to access $166.96 billion by 2031, escalating at a CAGR of 12.7% from 2022 to 2031.

Gaming has come to be 1 of the most significant kinds of entertainment in the earth in the previous couple of a long time. Numerous customers, specifically more compact kids and teens, are turning to gaming as their primary resource of exciting and amusement. Video games like Fortnite, Minecraft, Entire world of Warcraft, and PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds are starting to be popular in households across the planet. Because of to the rise of gaming as a trend, the profits of gaming equipment are heading up, as these kinds of products are expected to participate in video games with the optimum general performance outputs and optimum graphical options.

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Gaming as information and media has grow to be very well known in latest many years. A lot of lets players, Youtubers, and streamers are actively engaged in developing content dependent on gaming and gaming equipment. Furthermore, lots of of these information creators and entrepreneurs have arrive together in buy to build organizations called e-sports orgs that are solely committed to gaming. This has led to a serious boost in the range of folks that are moving into into gaming written content development and e-sports activities, which has led to an boost in the sales of gaming gadgets, as gaming equipment are essential to make such variety of material. A lot of content material creators particularly buy many gaming PCs and consoles in purchase to produce all varieties of gaming connected content material that could be special to certain platforms, which is even more boosting the income of gaming equipment.

Gaming gizmos are specialized machines that call for superior technologies and appropriate hardware and software program in purchase to function thoroughly. Lots of gamers in the gaming gizmos current market are making an attempt to supply leading of the line, premium products and hardware elements for gaming as they deliver the best expertise and functionality although gaming. However, the integration of more recent systems into these gizmos also considerably raises the cost of the units, which could hamper consumer obtain decisions. For instance, a gaming laptop equipped with a graphics card that supports ray tracing engineering charges a lot more than a gaming laptop without the need of ray tracing. Equally, consoles with greater storage capacities and a lot quicker storage models like stable condition drives value appreciably larger. These superior charges of gaming products make it hard for people to obtain these equipment, which negatively impacts the Gaming Gizmos Field. Furthermore, surge in Gaming Gizmos Market Need, inclination of companies towards value-efficient devices, strong development in study & preparing, and rising technological infrastructure are anticipated to provide significant expansion prospects for the marketplace in Asia-Pacific

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Asus ROG Swift PG27AQDM OLED Gaming Monitor Review: Can It Get Any Better?

May 2, 2023 Audrey

There are many good gaming monitors available in all sizes, shapes, and budgets. Only a handful can be called great. What does it take for a display to make this list? Speed is certainly a huge factor; you can’t throw a rock without hitting a monitor that runs at a minimum of 144 Hz. 165 Hz is becoming more common, and 240 Hz is well represented. The bleeding edge is occupied by 360 Hz and now 500 Hz screens.

If you’ve read monitor reviews here at Tom’s Hardware, you know that we consider image fidelity a nearly equal part of the equation, and at the top of that list is contrast. Nothing affects our perception of a 2D image more than the difference between black and white. Lately, Mini LED panels have made huge strides in this area, and I’ve even called them “nearly as good as OLED.” But the operative word is “nearly.” OLED is still king, and in this review, I’ll be testing a 27-inch 16:9 OLED display, Asus ROG Swift PG27AQDM. Spoiler alert: it’s incredible in pretty much every way, which makes it a prime candidate for our best gaming monitors list.

Asus ROG Swift PG27AQDM Specs

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Panel Type / Backlight	OLED
Screen Size / Aspect Ratio	26.5 inches / 16:9
Max Resolution & Refresh Rate	2560×1440 @ 240 Hz
	FreeSync: 40-240 Hz
	G-Sync Compatible
Native Color Depth & Gamut	10-bit / DCI-P3
	HDR10
Response Time (GTG)	0.03ms
Brightness	300 nits SDR
	800 nits HDR
Contrast	Infinite
Speakers	None
Video Inputs	1x DisplayPort 1.4
	2x HDMI 2.0
Audio	3.5mm headphone output
USB 3.0	1x up, 2x down
Power Consumption	45.1w, brightness @ 200 nits
Panel Dimensions	23.8 x 17.2-21.5 x 10.8 inches
WxHxD w/base	(605 x 438-548 × 274mm)
Panel Thickness	2 inches (50mm)
Bezel Width	Top/sides: 0.35 inch (9mm)
	Bottom: 0.9 inch (11mm)
Weight	15.2 pounds (6.9kg)
Warranty	3 years

The PG27AQDM starts with an OLED panel made by AU Optronics. It’s my first time testing an OLED not made by LG Display. The viewable area is 26.5 inches, so with QHD (2560×1440) resolution, we get a pixel density of 111ppi. That’s important because nearly all OLEDs today are UHD (3840×2160). However, the larger screens don’t necessarily have sharper images. Consider that a 42-inch OLED panel like Asus’ own PG42UQ has a density of 105ppi.

With QHD resolution comes higher frame rates, and the PG27AQDM offers a maximum refresh rate of 240 Hz with a claimed 0.03ms response time. I found it quicker than any other 240 Hz monitor during testing. In fact, it matches the total lag time I’ve measured for a typical 360 Hz screen and is only a few milliseconds behind the Alienware AW2524H 500 Hz display. It achieves this feat without an overdrive or blur reduction feature. It also includes both flavors of Adaptive-Sync operating over a range of 40 to 240

Sector to Reach $49.39 Billion by 2030 at a CAGR of 5.8%

May 1, 2023 Audrey

Sector to Reach .39 Billion by 2030 at a CAGR of 5.8%

Company Logo

Global Microbial Fermentation Technology Market

Dublin, April 24, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — The “Microbial Fermentation Technology Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Application (Antibiotics, Vaccines), By End-user (Biopharmaceutical Companies), By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2023 – 2030” report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com’s offering.

The global microbial fermentation technology market size is expected to reach USD 49.39 billion by 2030, registering a CAGR of 5.8%.

Companies Mentioned

Biocon Ltd.
BioVectra Inc.
Danone UK
F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG
Koninklijke DSM NV
Lonza
Novozymes A/S
TerraVia Holdings, Inc.
BIOZEEN

Since fermentation is observed to be of utmost importance in the manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals, there is also a growing demand for microbial fermentation technology in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. This has led to increasing collaborations and developments in this market space.

For instance, in September 2021, BIOVECTRA and ABEC collaboratively announced that the latter company would provide CSR single-use microbial fermentation solutions to expand BIOVECTRA’s manufacturing capabilities. The newly installed solutions are expected to provide a faster turnaround time with high-growth microbial fermentation on large scale.

Moreover, in September 2022, Cargill and Genomatica along with Cyclone Engineers are working on a project to scale up the bioreactor fermentation processing. This project is a part of the National Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Initiative with a grant of USD 2.5 million.

Furthermore, technological advances in microbial fermentation platforms are also expected to supplement the market growth. For instance, several metabolic engineering approaches have been developed by researchers to enhance the performance of microbial cell factories used for the production of complex biologics or small molecules. Such continuous developments in this market space are likely to increase the adoption of this technology in biomanufacturing.

Additionally, various medications and vaccines, such as hormones, antibody fragments, and pneumococcal vaccines, are bio-manufactured using microbial fermentation techniques. Bacterial cells are often resistant to shear damage, enabling the use of high-shear radial impeller systems and high agitation rates.

This gives the fermentors a high mass transfer potential, allowing them to accommodate fast metabolizing, high-cell density microbial cell cultivations and increasing the quantity of product that the bioprocesses can produce. Thus, with the increasing adoption of SUB fermentors for bacterial fermentation, the market is likely to witness significant growth in the coming years.

Microbial Fermentation Technology Market Report Highlights

Based on application, the antibiotics segment captured the highest market revenue share in 2021. Increasing research activities due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant microbes have positively impacted market growth
Owing to the faster and more stable growth pattern of microorganisms, the use of fermentation in small molecule synthesis is expected to witness lucrative growth throughout the forecast period
By end-users, CMOs and CDMOs accounted for a significant share in 2021. The capacity expansion by several CMOs and the growing trend of outsourcing is expected to propel the segment revenue generation
Asia Pacific dominated the market in 2021 owing to the high number of operating CMOs and the growing biopharmaceutical industry in countries such as India,

Do not permit creepy scammers trick you into giving them entry to your personal computer

May 1, 2023 Audrey

We lately acquired an alarming e mail from Dan. Here is what he had to say about a suspected fraud:

“I had an endeavor by hackers to use Teamviewer.com to get accessibility to my laptop or computer. They confirmed me a screenshot of a person striving to transfer dollars out of my financial institution account and send out it to South Carolina. When they asked me for my information and facts, I recognized what was heading on. I uninstalled TeamViewer. I contacted Microsoft assistance. Have you heard/observed this before?” – Dan.

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Thanks for the great concern, Dan. This sort of incident is normally tied to a common rip-off the place hackers may well trick you into offering them access to your pc, and the very last point you want to do is slide for it. But these scoundrels are convincing even to the smartest persons.

Scammers will get to out to TeamViewer customers and declare that their equipment have been contaminated by malware and that they have to get personal info in order to get around the system and fix the issue. (CyberGuy.com)

Is this kind of fraud common with TeamViewer?

TeamViewer introduced a assertion stating that their application was being made use of by scammers for the very same sort of rip-off that Dan describes earlier mentioned. Generally, scammers will attain out to TeamViewer users and claim that their products have been infected by malware and that they have to get personal details in purchase to acquire in excess of the device and resolve the situation. One particular thing to note if you are a TeamViewer person is that the software program organization does not provide remote providers of any sort, so if you get a message from another person claiming to be from TeamViewer, it is probable a rip-off.

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Sadly, this type of rip-off does frequently materialize where the scammers will assert to be from legit corporations and point out that they need to get over your gadget. Having said that, there is a way for you to stay away from this from taking place to you.

Normally be cautious about offering authorization to allow for a 3rd celebration to “consider management” of your gadget. (CyberGuy.com)

How do I stay clear of a scammer from getting into my unit to get to my particular details?

1st, usually be cautious about offering authorization to allow for a 3rd bash to “acquire command” of your product.

Scammers are also identified to ship you malicious email messages and texts to trick you into clicking what would seem to be legit inbound links.

Extra: DESPERATELY Need to have Fb Support? Do not Drop FOR THIS Scam

Install antivirus program

Setting up antivirus software package will shield you from unintentionally clicking malicious one-way links that would put in malware, as

Late Architecture with Purposeful Programming

May 1, 2023 Audrey

A lot of methods to computer software architecture believe that the architecture is planned at the commencing. However, architecture prepared in this way is hard to alter afterwards. Purposeful programming can aid achieve loose coupling to the place that progress setting up can be retained to a least, and architectural conclusions can be improved afterwards.

Michael Sperber spoke about computer software architecture and purposeful programming at OOP 2023 Digital.

Sperber gave the instance of dividing up the system’s code among the its developing blocks. This is a particularly essential kind of architectural decision to get the job done on different developing blocks separately, probably with different teams. Just one way to do this is to use Domain-Driven Design and style (DDD) for the coarse-grain creating blocks – bounded contexts:

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DDD says you must discover bounded contexts by way of context mapping – at the commencing. Nevertheless, if you get the boundaries involving the contexts improper, you reduce a great deal of the added benefits. And you will get them improper, at the very least a little bit – and then it’s hard to move them afterwards.

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According to Sperber, useful programming allows late architecture and cuts down coupling when compared to OOP. In purchase to defer macroarchitecture decisions, we will have to generally decouple, Sperber argued. Elements in practical programming are essentially just knowledge types and functions, and these features perform with out mutable condition, he claimed. This can make dependencies specific and coupling appreciably looser than with regular OO elements. This in convert permits us to create functionality that is independent of the macroarchitecture, Sperber explained.

Sperber produced clear that useful programming is not “just like OOP only devoid of mutable point out”. It arrives with its have procedures and tradition for domain modelling, abstraction, and software design. You can get some of the advantages just by adopting immutability in your OO undertaking. To get all of them, you need to dive further, and use a correct functional language, as Sperber described:

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Useful architecture tends to make considerable use of superior abstraction, to put into practice reusable elements, and, much more importantly, supple area designs that foresee the future. In exploring and building these area products, functional programmers usually make use of the prosperous vocabulary furnished by arithmetic. The ensuing abstractions are essentially enabled by the state-of-the-art abstraction amenities made available by functional languages.

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InfoQ interviewed Michael Sperber about how our latest toolbox of architectural procedures predisposes us to lousy decisions that are tricky to undo later on, and what to do about this trouble.

InfoQ: What are the difficulties of defining the macroarchitecture at the start off of a challenge?

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Michael Sperber: A preferred definition of program architecture is that it’s the selections that are tricky to improve afterwards. Performing this at the beginning indicates carrying out it when you have the least data. For that reason, there’s a fantastic likelihood the choices are completely wrong.

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InfoQ: What makes it